Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻōpala electroceramics maʻemaʻe e synthesize i nā seramika mullite？

Hōʻike ʻia kekahi mau ʻōpala ʻoihana e pono i ka hana ʻana i nā seramika mullite. He waiwai kēia mau ʻōpala ʻoihana i kekahi mau ʻokikene metala e like me ke silica (SiO2) a me ka alumina (Al2O3). Hāʻawi kēia i nā ʻōpala i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i kumu kumu kumu no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā seramika mullite. ʻO ke kumu o kēia pepa loiloi ʻo ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana a me ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻano hana hoʻomākaukau mullite ceramics i hoʻohana i nā ʻano ʻōpala ʻenehana i mea hoʻomaka. Hōʻike pū kēia loiloi i nā mahana sintering a me nā mea hoʻohui kemika i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana a me nā hopena. ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o ka ikaika mechanical a me ka hoʻonui wela o nā seramika mullite i hōʻike ʻia i hoʻomākaukau ʻia mai nā ʻōpala ʻoihana like ʻole i kamaʻilio pū ʻia ma kēia hana.

ʻO Mullite, ka mea maʻamau i kapa ʻia ʻo 3Al2O3∙2SiO2, he ʻano mea seramika maikaʻi loa ma muli o kona mau waiwai kino. Loaʻa iā ia kahi helu heheʻe kiʻekiʻe, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka wela, ikaika kiʻekiʻe ma nā wela kiʻekiʻe, a loaʻa iā ia ka haʻalulu wela a me ke kūpaʻa kolo [1]. ʻO kēia mau mea wela a me nā mea mechanical e hiki ai ke hoʻohana i nā mea i nā noi e like me nā refractory, nā lako kiln, nā substrate no nā catalytic convertors, nā puʻupuʻu umu, a me nā pale wela.

Hiki ke loaʻa ʻo Mullite ma ke ʻano he mineral liʻiliʻi ma Mull Island, Scotland [2]. Ma muli o kona ʻano kakaʻikahi i ke ʻano, hana ʻia nā mullite ceramics a pau i hoʻohana ʻia i ka ʻoihana. Nui nā noiʻi i hana ʻia no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā seramika mullite me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā precursors ʻē aʻe, e hoʻomaka ana mai nā kemika ʻoihana/laboratory grade [3] a i ʻole nā ​​minerala aluminosilicate kūlohelohe [4]. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kumukūʻai o kēia mau mea hoʻomaka, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a ʻili ʻia ma mua. No nā makahiki, ke ʻimi nei ka poʻe noiʻi i nā mea ʻē aʻe o ka hoʻokele waiwai e synthesize mullite ceramics. No laila, ua hōʻike ʻia ka nui o nā ʻōpala mullite i loaʻa mai nā ʻōpala ʻoihana. ʻO nā pōmaikaʻi ʻē aʻe o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia mau ʻōpala ʻoihana ʻo ia ka ikehu a me ke kumukūʻai inā hoʻohuli ʻia nā ʻōpala a hoʻohana hou ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea ʻenekinia. Eia kekahi, hiki i kēia ke kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ke kaumaha o ke kaiapuni a hoʻonui i kona pono waiwai.

I mea e noiʻi inā hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻōpala electroceramics maʻemaʻe e synthesize i nā seramika mullite, ka ʻōpala electroceramics maʻemaʻe i hui pū ʻia me nā pauka alumina a me nā ʻōpala electroceramics maʻemaʻe e like me nā mea maka i hoʻohālikelike ʻia. Ua noiʻi ʻia nā waiwai o ka mullite ceramic. Ua hoʻohana ʻia ʻo XRD a me SEM e aʻo i ka haku mele a me ka microstructure.

Hōʻike nā hopena i ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka mullite me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka mahana sintering, a i ka manawa like e piʻi ai ka nui o ka nui. ʻO nā mea maka ka ʻōpala electroceramics maʻemaʻe, no laila ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hana sintering, a hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ke kaʻina hana sintering, a hoʻonui pū ʻia hoʻi. Ke hoʻomākaukau wale ʻia ka mullite e nā ʻōpala electroceramics, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui a me ka ikaika compressive, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka porosity, a ʻo nā waiwai kino piha ka mea maikaʻi loa.

Hoʻoikaika ʻia e ka pono o nā kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa a me nā mea e pili ana i ke kaiapuni, nui nā hana noiʻi i hoʻohana i nā ʻano ʻōpala ʻenehana i mea hoʻomaka e hana i nā seramika mullite. Ua nānā ʻia nā ʻano hana, nā mahana sintering, a me nā mea hoʻohui kemika. ʻO ke kaʻina hana ala maʻamau e pili ana i ka hui ʻana, kaomi ʻana, a me ka sintering pane ʻana o ka mullite precursor ʻo ia ke ala maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia ma muli o kona maʻalahi a me ka maikaʻi o ke kumukūʻai. ʻOiai hiki i kēia ʻano hana ke hana i nā ceramics mullite porous, ua hōʻike ʻia nā porosities o ka hopena mullite ceramic e noho ma lalo o 50%. Ma ka lima ʻē aʻe, ua hōʻike ʻia ka hoʻolei manuahi e hiki ke hana i ka porous mullite ceramic, me ka porosity o 67%, ʻoiai ma kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka sintering wela o 1500 °C. Ua hoʻokō ʻia kahi loiloi o nā mahana sintering a me nā mea hoʻohui kemika i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana ʻana o ka mullite. Pono e hoʻohana i kahi mahana sintering ma luna o 1500 ° C no ka hana mullite, ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hopena ma waena o Al2O3 a me SiO2 i ka precursor. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka nui o ka silica maʻiʻo pili me nā haumia i loko o ka precursor hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka wā o ka sintering wela kiʻekiʻe. No nā mea hoʻohui kemika, ua hōʻike ʻia ʻo CaF2, H3BO3, Na2SO4, TiO2, AlF3, a me MoO3 ma ke ʻano he kōkua maikaʻi e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka mahana o ka sintering ʻoiai hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo V2O5, Y2O3-doped ZrO2 a me 3Y-PSZ e hāpai i ka densification no nā seramika mullite. ʻO ka doping me nā mea hoʻohui kemika e like me AlF3, Na2SO4, NaH2PO4 · 2H2O, V2O5, a me MgO i kōkua i ka ulu anisotropic o nā whiskers mullite, kahi i hoʻonui ai i ka ikaika kino a me ka paʻakikī o nā seramika mullite.